Chapter 3 – What Causes Surge?
Surge Analysis and the Wave Plan Method
Supplementary Material: Example Problems and Solutions
Chapter 3 – Problem 3.1
3.1 A fire hydrant located close to one of the main pump stations within a water distribution system was opened rapidly during a routine annual fire flow test. A flowrate of approximately 10,000 lpm was recorded passing through the 100 mm (4 in) hydrant outlet. To what horizontal distance would the hydrant flow jet reach (see the picture shown in Section 3.9) if the hydrant outlet is roughly 0.75m above the ground level.
Solution:
Velocity of the jet exiting the 100 mm outlet:
Vx = {10000/1000/60}/{(π/4)*(100/1000)^2} = 21.22 m/s
Velocity in the vertical direction (of the projectile) Vy = 0
Vertical distance y = 0.75m, Y = VY t + (1/2) g t2 è travel time t = 0.391s
Projectile horizontal distance X = Vx t = 0.391 * 21.22 = 8.29 m (26.85 ft)
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