Supplementary Material, Appendix 0 – A0.39

APPENDIX 0 – Pre-requisite: Steady State Hydraulics

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Surge Analysis and the Wave Plan Method

Supplementary Material: Example Problems and Solutions

Appendix 0 – Problem 39

A0.39 What are the hydraulic grades and energy grades at points A and B in the pipeline described in the previous question? Also compute the difference in the hydraulic grades at points A and B, as well as the difference in the energy grades at points A and B.

Solution:

Hydraulic grade at point A is the sum of pressure head (p_A/γ) and elevation head (Z_A): G_A = p_A/γ + Z_A = 250.968m.

Hydraulic grade at point B is G_B = p_B/γ + Z_B = 220.775m.

Energy grade is the sum of pressure head, velocity head, and elevation head or it is the sum of hydraulic grade and velocity head.

E_A = p_A/γ + V_A²/(2g) + Z_A = G_A + V_A²/(2g) = 251.083m

E_B = p_B/γ + V_B²/(2g) + Z_B = G_B + V_B²/(2g) = 220.979m

Difference in hydraulic grades between points A and B = G_A – G_B = 30.193m.

Difference in energy grades between points A and B = E_A – E_B = 30.104m (same as frictional headloss between points A and B, as computed in the previous question).

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